williamson



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

No. 216,579. Patented June17,l879.

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Machine for Distributing Manure.

NiPEIERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPHER. WASMNGTON, D C

W. SHAW a; D; WILLIAMSON.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIoE.

WILLIAM SHAW, OF EDINBURGH, AND DAVID WILLIAMSON, OF WISHAW,

' COUNTY OF LANARK, NORTH BRITAIN.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR DISTRIBUTING MANURES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 216,579, dated J one17, 1879; application filed January 29, 1879; patented in England,FebruaryS, 1878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM SHAW, of the city and county of Edinburgh,and DAVID WILLIAMSON, of Wishaw, in the county of Lanark, North Britain,have invented an 1mproved Machine for Sowing or Distributing Manures,which is also applicable for sowing seeds or grain, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Our said invention has principally for its object the sowing ordistributing of manures over land in a regular, uniform, and economi calmanner.

The improved machine constituting our said invention may also be usedfor sowing seed.

The said machine consists of a body open at the bottom and mounted uponwheels, and also provided with means for attaching horses. Along fromend to end, underneath the said body, a trough-like cover having alongitudi nal aperture in its bottom is fitted so as to be capable ofvertical adjustment.

The body of the machine has sloping sides on its interior, constitutinga hopper, with a space at bottom between its said sides, and immediatelyunder this space, and extending from side to side of the machine, arevolving circular brush is mounted so that the bristles thereof extendat top close to or through the slot or opening at the bottom of thehopper, and at bottom close to or through the aforesaid aperture or slotin the trough-like bottom cover.

The soot, guano, or other manure to be sowed or distributed is placed inthe upper part of the hopper, being received upon a vibratingreticulated tray, through which it descends into the hopper, passingthrough the slot therein onto the revolving brush, which feeds itthrough the aperture'in the troughlike bottom-cover and onto the land ina regu lar and uniform manner. As the brush wears the aforesaidtrough-like bottom-coveris raised upon the body of the machine, so thatthe relative positions of the brush and the opening in the said coverare maintained.

The hopper may be provided with stirrers upon shafts passingtherethrough, which stirrers will loosen up and distribute the manureequally to the brush, this equal distribution being also promoted byimparting a vibratory motion to the sides of the hopper. Where thetrough-like bottomcover is at some distance above the ground awind-guard may be fixed around the slot therein, descending to within ashort distance of the ground.

Shuttles may be fitted to slide over the opening of the hopper and overthat in the troughlike bottom-cover, so as to regulate the quantity ofmanure passing therethrough.

The machine may be employed for sowing or distributing in drills. Forthis purpose it is. provided with an additional shutter for sliding overthe opening at the bottom of the hopper, and a plate is also providedfor covering the slot in the trough-like bottom-cover, both the shutterand the plate having cutaway parts or openings therein, which are at adistance apart corresponding to the drills, so as to allow manure orseed to pass only into the drills. Plow like clearers may also be fixedin front of the machine to clear out the I drills for the manure orseed.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a plan, Fig. 2 avertical transverse section, Fig. 3 a back elevation, and Fig. 4 a sideelevation, of a machine constructed in accordance with our invention,especially suited to the sowing or distributing of friable manure, suchas soot or guano. Figs. 5 to 10 are details hereinafter referred to. inFig. 4 the near wheel is not shown.

The body of the machine is marked A, the

wheels B, and the projections for the attach- The cover D is adjustablevertically, being provided with eyes 1; e, which slide upon guides eScrews e 6 pass through these eyes and guides and fix the cover I) inany position to which it may be brought. I

V In the interior of the body of the machine are two inclined sidepieces, E E, forming a hopper open at bottom E. This opening isregulated in width by a shutter, F, provided with handles ff, by whichit can be adjusted from the exterior of the machine. The said sidepieces, E, are covered by flaps G G, hinged at the upper part.

Passing through the machine from side to side thereof are shafts H H Hcarrying a number of stirrers, h. The shaft H is cranked at 7L3, and tothese cranks are connected rods 71 i, the rod h being attached at itsother end to the side flap, G, and the rod i being attached at its otherend to a tray, I, Fig. 2,

' having a reticulated bottom, and turning upon pivots or centers at oneside. This tray 1 is omitted from Fig. 1.

The upper part of the body of the machine may be a removable box, A,held in place by catches upon brackets a. The shaft H is also cranked ath, and to these cranks are attached the ends of rods h their other endsbeing connected to the flap G.

The brush J is mounted upon a spindle,j, which is held in bearingscarried by the short axles of the wheels 13, preferably being held so asto be turned by one wheel and to revolve freely in the bearing on theaxle of the other wheel, which other wheel has upon its boss a toothedwheel, K, which gears with wheels L upon the shafts H H H so as toimparta motion of revolution to the said shafts, which, through theircranks h h and connecting-rods [L2 h i, impart a vibratory or jumpingmotion to the recticulated tray I and to the side flaps, G G. Round theopening or slot d in the cover D is fixed a depending chute, M, forminga guard to prevent the substance being sown from being scattered by thewind.

In using the machine, the manure is placed in the receptacle A upon thetray I, and when the machine is drawn along over the land to be manured,the said tray, by the vibratory motion imparted to it by the rod i fromthe cranked shaft 11, .shakesdown the manure into the hopper beneath,where it is stirred and loosened up by the revolving stirrers h; thenceit passes through the opening E onto the brush J, its passage beingfacilitated and equalized by the vibratory motion imparted to the sideflaps, G G, through the arms h 71 from the cranks of the shafts H H. Bythe revolution of the brush the manure is carried down and brushedthrough the slot (1 in the cover D, and is therefrom distributed equallyover the land; 7 7

A small circular brush may be used upon the lower shaft, H in place ofthe stirrers shown in the drawings. The machine is also provided withattachments for use where the manure is to be sown or distributed indrills. An additional shutter, N, (shown separately in plan in Fig. 6,)is fitted to slide over the opening E of the hopper. 'lhesaid shutter isprovided with handles a for moving it, and has openings n in it at adistance apart about equal to the ordinary or general width apart of thedrills.

In employing the machine for sowing or dis-- tributing in drills, theguard M is replaced by the guard P. (Shown in plan of under side illlFig. 7 and in longitudinal section in Fig. 8.) This guard consists of aplate, 19, having openings 19 therein corresponding with those in theshutter N. Chutes Q are attached to this plate over the openingstherein, constituting wind-guards around each opening.

The end chutes are capable of adjustment nearer to or farther from thecenter shute, according to the width apart of the drills, the said endchutes being mounted upon plates q sliding in guides 19 They are fixedin the position to which they may be brought by screws 1', passingthrough the eyes 4" upon the plates and through strips 1, upon which thesaid eyes slide.

The length of the chutes is adjustable vertically by their being made intwo pieces, sliding one over the other, and when adjusted they are fixedin position by screws 8, passing through eyes 8 on. one part and strips8 on the other part of the said chutes.

In Fig. 9 is shown, in front elevation, and in Fig. 10, in endelevation, an appliance to be attached to the front of the machine forclearing out the drills for the manure or seed. The said applianceconsists of a bar, T, which carries clearer t, capable of adjustment todifferent distances apart and of being fixed in position by screws t.When this appliance is to be used it is adjusted to the requisite heightor degree of penetration in theguidebrackets U, (see Figs. 2, 3, and 4,)bolted to the front of themachine, and is fixed by screws a. (See Fig.4, where the clearers are shown attached to the machine.) I

Although this machine has been described as applied to the sowing ordistributing of ma nure, it will be understood that it is capable of usefor sowing seed or grain.

By this invention the manure or seed is pre vented from, adhering orcaking, and so choking the distributing-aperture. 7

Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our saidinvention and the system, mode, or manner in or under which-the same isor may be used or practically carried into effect, we would observe, inconclusion, that we wish it to be understood that we do not limitourselves to the precise de tails hereinbefore described andillustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the natureof our invention; but

What We consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as theinvention secured to us by the hereinbefore in-partrecited LettersPatent, is

1. The body A, adjustable bottom-cover D,

wind-guard M, reticulated vibrating tray I,

hinged and vibrating flaps G G, stirrer-shafts In testimony whereof Wehave signed our names to this specification in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM SHAW. [L. S. DAVID WILLIAMSON. [L. S.

Witnesses:

ROBERT ADAM GUNN,

115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. JAMES YATE JOHNSON,

115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow.

